after the qin dynasty was overthrown in 209 bc , the centralized authoritarian rule was carried over to the former han dynasty and kanin were manufactured and provided . 紀元前209年に秦が滅びた後も、前漢にその中央集権制は受け継がれ、官印が製造・支給された。
during the sui dynasty and the following tang dynasty , because of the establishment of the ritsuryo system (a law system ), the centralized authoritarian rule became as firm as a rock . 隋とそれに続く唐の時代には、律令制の確立により中央集権制は磐石のものとなった。
the qin dynasty unified china in 221 bc and strengthened the foundation of the centralized authoritarian rule by unifying a lot of rules and systems such as literal characters and the system of weights and measures . 紀元前221年に中国を統一した秦は、文字や度量衡など多くの制度を統一し、中央集権制の土台を固めた。
the system of kanin had already started in the spring and autumn period but it became firmly established as an unified system after the qin dynasty which was the time when the centralized authoritarian rule and the constitutional system were established . 官印の制度は春秋時代から見られるが、統一的な制度として定着したのは中央集権制・法治体制が確立された秦代からである。
