from the meiji period onwards , some mud walls were finished with mortar rather than lime plaster , creating a western look . 明治以降には、土壁の上に漆喰ではなくモルタルを塗り洋風に仕上げられることもあった。
in the case of wooden buildings , large walls are plastered walls coated with lime plaster and mortar , or covered wooden boards or metal sheets . 木構造の建築では、大壁の場合、漆喰やモルタルなどを塗り篭める塗壁（建築）や、木板や金属板などを張る張り壁、で仕上げられる。
unlike modern methods of construction , kyo-machiyas employ stone bases (hitotsu-ishi , tama-ishi ) and lime plaster walls of okabe-zukuri or makabe-zukuri . 京町家は、在来工法と異なり、基礎に石（一つ石、玉石）を用い、壁は漆喰塗り籠の大壁造りや真壁 (建築)造りである。
they were also built in the middle ages together with tradesmen ' s houses (merchant ' s houses ), and in modern times , with the arrival of firearms , lime plaster stud wall techniques were also used on castles for fire-proofing and bullet-proofing , and mud walls over 30 centimeters thick as dozo-zukuri style were extensively used on defensive structures such as guard towers and turrets keep from the late azuchi-momoyama period to around the edo period . 中世にも町屋 (商家)などと共に建てられており、近世、鉄砲の伝来の影響により城郭にも防火・防弾のために漆喰大壁の技術が用いられ、30cm以上の分厚い壁を多用したことで安土桃山時代後期から江戸期前後の櫓や天守などの防御施設は土蔵造りとなった。
they were also built in the middle ages together with tradesmen ' s houses (merchant ' s houses ), and in modern times , with the arrival of firearms , lime plaster stud wall techniques were also used on castles for fire-proofing and bullet-proofing , and mud walls over 30 centimeters thick as dozo-zukuri style were extensively used on defensive structures such as guard towers and turrets keep from the late azuchi-momoyama period to around the edo period . 中世にも町屋 (商家)などと共に建てられており、近世、鉄砲の伝来の影響により城郭にも防火・防弾のために漆喰大壁の技術が用いられ、30cm以上の分厚い壁を多用したことで安土桃山時代後期から江戸期前後の櫓や天守などの防御施設は土蔵造りとなった。
