quarkoniumの例文

• The Upsilon is a flavourless meson called a quarkonium.
• Where r is the effective radius of the quarkonium state, a and b are parameters.
• If so, then wouldn't this just result in an annihilation instead of a quarkonium meson?
• Heavy quarkonium states, provide an essential tool to study the early and hot stage of heavy-ion collisions.
• He has made significant contributions to brane-world models of extra dimensions, quarkonium physics and R-parity violating supersymmetry.
• In the presence of a deconfined medium ( i . e . QGP ) with high enough energy density, quarkonium states are dissociated because of colour screening.
• The TBDE can be readily applied to two body systems such as positronium, muonium, hydrogen-like atoms, quarkonium, and the two-nucleon system.
• The true analogs of positronium in the theory of strong interactions are the quarkonium states : they are mesons made of a heavy quark and antiquark ( namely, charmonium and bottomonium ).
• As the temperature increases so does the colour screening resulting in greater suppression of the quarkonium states as it is more difficult for charm  anticharm or bottom  antibottom to form new bound states.
• He has made many other significant contributions to the study of the spectroscopy of heavy-light mesons, signatures for the production of heavy quarks and quarkonium, and the study of ultrahigh-energy neutrino interactions.
• The " melting " of quarkonia into the QGP manifests itself in the suppression of the quarkonium yields compared to the production without the presence of the QGP . The search for quarkonia suppression as a QGP signature started 25 years ago.
• In this technique, one uses the fact that the motion of the quarks that comprise the quarkonium state is non-relativistic to assume that they move in a static potential, much like non-relativistic models of the hydrogen atom.
• At very high temperatures no quarkonium states are expected to survive; they melt in the QGP . Quarkonium sequential suppression is therefore considered as a QGP thermometer, as states with different masses have different sizes and are expected to be screened and dissociated at different temperatures.
• At very high temperatures no quarkonium states are expected to survive; they melt in the QGP . Quarkonium sequential suppression is therefore considered as a QGP thermometer, as states with different masses have different sizes and are expected to be screened and dissociated at different temperatures.
• The second part, br, is known as the " confinement " part of the potential, and parameterizes the poorly understood non-perturbative effects of QCD . Generally, when using this approach, a convenient form for the wave function of the quarks is taken, and then a and b are determined by fitting the results of the calculations to the masses of well-measured quarkonium states.
• The true analogs of positronium in the theory of strong interactions, however, are not exotic atoms but certain mesons, the " quarkonium states ", which are made of a heavy quark such as the charm or bottom quark and its antiquark . ( Top quarks are so heavy that they decay through the weak force before they can form bound states . ) Exploration of these states through non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics ( NRQCD ) and lattice QCD are increasingly important tests of quantum chromodynamics.
• The physics programme of ALICE includes the following main topics : i ) the study of the thermalization of partons in the QGP with focus on the massive charming beauty quarks and understanding the behaviour of these heavy quarks in relation to the stroungly-coupled medium of QGP, ii ) the study of the mechanisms of energy loss that occur in the medium and the dependencies of energy loss on the parton species, iii ) the dissociation of quarkonium states which can be a probe of deconfinement and of the temperature of the medium and finally the production of thermal photons and low-mass dileptons emitted by the QGP which is about assessing the initial temperature and degrees of freedom of the systems as well as the chiral nature of the phase transition.