sofcsの例文

• Research is also under way to improve the fuel flexibility of SOFCs.
• SOFCs can also be fueled by externally integrated gasification fuel cell power cycles.
• Unlike most other types of fuel cells, SOFCs can have multiple geometries.
• Gadolinium can also serve as an electrolyte in solid oxide fuel cells ( SOFCs ).
• As with SOFCs, MCFC disadvantages include slow start-up times because of their high operating temperature.
• However they require high temperatures to function; 600 癈 is considered a low operating temperature for SOFCs.
• SOFCs are capable of internally reforming light hydrocarbons such as methane ( natural gas ), propane and butane.
• Another disadvantage of SOFC systems is slow start-up time, making SOFCs less useful for mobile applications.
• Research is also going on in reducing start-up time to be able to implement SOFCs in mobile applications.
• In SOFCs, it is often important to focus on the ohmic and concentration polarizations since high operating temperatures experience little activation polarization.
• At operating temperatures of 750 p C hydrogen sulfide concentrations of around 0.05 ppm begin to affect the performance of the SOFCs.
• While this makes strides towards lowering the operating temperature of SOFCs, it also opens doors for future research to try and understand this mechanism.
• Like SOFCs, MCFCs are capable of converting fossil fuel to a hydrogen-rich gas in the anode, eliminating the need to produce hydrogen externally.
• The higher operating temperature make SOFCs suitable candidates for application with heat engine energy recovery devices or combined heat and power, which further increases overall fuel efficiency.
• They operate at very high temperatures, typically between 500 and 1, 000 癈 . At these temperatures, SOFCs do not require expensive platinum adsorbent beds or other means.
• Other geometries of SOFCs include modified planar fuel cell designs ( MPC or MPSOFC ), where a wave-like structure replaces the traditional flat configuration of the planar cell.
• This can be partially achieved by lowering operating temperatures, which is the case for diesel, and this makes SOFCs interesting as auxiliary power units ( APU ) in refrigerated trucks.
• SOFCs can also be made in tubular geometries where either air or fuel is passed through the inside of the tube and the other gas is passed along the outside of the tube.
• Currently, the thickness of YSZ electrolytes is a minimum of ~ 10 ?m due to deposition methods, and this requires a temperature above 700 癈 . Therefore, low-temperature SOFCs are only possible with higher conductivity electrolytes.
• Mixed ionic / electronic conducting ( MIEC ) ceramics, such as perovskite LSCF, are also being researched for use in intermediate temperature SOFCs as they are more active and can make up for the increase in the activation energy of the reaction.